Torsion-meter.



E. G. TURNER.

TORSION METER.

APPLICATION man FEB- 1. 1914.

Patented Apr.13,' 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTC-LITHO.. WASHINGTON, D. C.

E. G TURNER TQRSQON METER! APPLICATION mm) ms. 2, 2924 Eafzanmd A131113, 3.915.

WWNE$$ESI a??? ENVENTURI THE NORRIS PETERS CO, PHOTO-LITHQ. V/ASHJNGTCN.D. c.

TORSiON METER.

AFPLRCATIUN ma!) FEB. 1. 1914.

Patented. Apr. 13, 1915.

4 SHEETSBHEET 3.

T-HE NORRIS PETERS co. PHOTC LITHO., WASHINGNJN v, i

E. G. TURNER.

TORSION METER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- 1, 1914.

Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

BNMENTQHI $55 WIITNE$$E$i QLE;

THE NORRIS PETERS CO. FHOTO-LITHQ, WASHINGTON. D. C.

%Al5l% PATENT ERNEST G. TURNER, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TORSION-METER.

Application filed February 7, 1914. Serial No. 817,282.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Banner G. TURNER, acitizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Torsion-Blisters; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in torsion meters, adaptable toshafts in general, and has for its object to provide a continuousreading, self recording torsion meter and revolution indicator, whichwill be simple in construction, certain in action and more efficient inoperation than those heretofore proposed.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the noveldetails of construction and combinations of parts more fully hereinafterdisclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of thisspecification, in which like numerals and letters designate like partsin all the views :Figure 1 is a plan view of a torsion meter made inaccordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the partsshown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan view partly in section of the partsshown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 44 of Figs. 1 and3; Fig. 5 is an elevational view partly in section taken along the line55 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a detail view of a lever shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7is an end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 8 is an enlargeddetail end view of a bearing shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 9 is a plan view ofcertain parts shown in Fig. 10; Fig. 10 is an elevational view partly insection, showing my torque pointer and my three pointers; Fig. 11 is adiagram of the wiring for operating the magnets; Fig. 12 is an en delevational view of the parts shown in Fig. 10; Fig. 13 is a detailsectional view of the bearing and torque wheel shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 14is a side elevational view of the torque wheel shown in Fig. 13; Fig. 15is an elevational view on line 1515 of Fig. 18 of the gears for movingthe rollers; Fig. 16 is a plan view partly in section of the parts ofFig. 18; Fig. 17 is an end view of the parts shown in Fig. 18'; Fig 18is an elevational view partly in section, taken on the line 1818 of Fig.16 and showing the gears and levers for controlling the rollers for thepaper; and Fig. 19, Sheet 1, is a diagrammatic view illustrating thecharacter of the records made on the paper by the pencils or markers.

1 indicates a tube fixed tight at one end to the sleeve 2, which may bemade in halves, bolted together and secured to the shaft 3, thus forminga solid connection between said tube 1 and shaft 3. The other end of thetube or pipe 1 is bolted to the roller bearing Y which is free torevolve over shaft 3. Rollers are preferably used to re duce as much aspossible the friction between the shaft 3 and the bearing Y, when theshaft is subjected to torque. Since the pipe 1 will revolve but nottwist to an appreciable extent, it will revolve accurately with theshaft at the point where it is fixed to the sleeve 2. Therefore fromsleeve 2 to the bearing Y the shaft may revolve in said bearing for anamount equal to the torque without affecting said pipe 1.

In the bearing Y 1 provide a ball jointed arm 4 (see Figs. 1, '2, 3, 4,13 and 14) square in cross section, which is fitted through the sleeve5. Sleeve 5 is pivoted in the wheel Z by means of pins 6, as shown inFig. 14, and the said sleeve consequently can move around these pins ina slot with which the wheel Z is provided. The wheel Z is preferablymade in halves, bolted together for convenience in assembling the partsover shaft 3. The wheel Z is pivoted by means of pins 7, shown in Figs.4, l3 and 14 to sleeve 8, which is also preferably made in halves boltedtogether, and secured to shaft 3. This construction permits the wheel Zto freely revolve within certain limits around pins 7.

When the shaft 3 is subjected to torque it 7 will drag with it thesleeve 8 and wheel Z. The pipe 1 not being in torque will cause thewheel Z to pull on the arm 4, and the arm 4 being fixed at one end inthe bearing Y, will cause the sleeve 5 to force the wheel Z to turn onits pivots 7, and to revolve with the shaft while occupying a planeinclined to the axis of said shaft. 1n thus revolving, thecircumferential rim 9 of the wheel Z will be likewise inclined orpitched on one 16. The end of the rod 10 amount of torque of the mainshaft between the sleeve 2 and the sleeve 8, but this torque will bemultiplied on account of the differ ence in length of the radii of theshaft 3 and rim 9. To increase this movement of the rim 9 even more, soas to make the read ing clearer, lever X with a short and a long arm isprovided. The lever X is pivoted to rod 10, by means of the bolt 11. Thelong arm of lever X has a fork 12, having rollers '13 and on one end ofthe fork is a pin 14. The, rod 10 slides through brackets 15 and 7passing through bracket 16 is threaded and over this thread is adjustedthe hand wheel 17 shown in Fig. 3, so by revolving the wheel 17 rod 10is made to disconnect the lever X from the rim 9 of the wheel Y, whendesired. Between the brackets 15 and 16 a tube or pipe 18 is secured,while over this pipe the sleeve 19 is free to slide. Rollers 13, Fig. 6,fit in the groove of the sleeve 19; while between said sleeve 19 andbracket 16, the spring 20 is fitted over the pipe 18. Spring 20 will becompressed between sleeve 19 and bracket .16, thus forcing sleeve 19 tothe left as seen in Fig. 3,; and sleeve 19 will in turn through the fork12, cause the shaft arm of the lever X to bear against the rim 9 of thewheel at all times.

When the wheel Z revolves in an inclined plane and theshort arm of thelever X is bearing hardup against the rim 9, the fork end 12 and with itpin 14, slides back and falling over when not forward over pipe 18 for adistance proportioned to the inclination of the plane of the Wheel Z,multiplied by the difference of the arms of the lever X and thus servesto indicate the torsion.

The pin 14 carries with it the rod 21. Consequently the rod 21 will moveback and forth on the paper, over distances corresponding to themovement of the sleeve 19. The rod 21 is supported and slides inbrackets 15 and 16. v

The rod 21 carries the pencil holder 22, shown-in Fig. 5 and also inFigs. 9 and 10. This. pencil holder is so madethat the pencil can behinged back, the small spring 23 keeping it in that position and alsokeeping the pencil on the roller 24 when working. Accordingly there isno chance of the pencil in use and no chance of its not hearing on thepaper when working. The roller 24, Figs. 5, 9 and 10, is held betweenbrackets 25 and 15 andis free to revolve in its shaftbearings 26 and 27.

The paper is passed over the guide roller 28, seen in Figs. 16 and 17,and passed under the roller 29, thence over the roller 24, under theroller 30'and over the roller 31, dropping into an appropriate holder orcut quired; The rollers 29 and 30 are driven by means of gears 32 and33, Fig. 15, which mesh With the gear 34, consequently when off as re-'the gear 34 revolves in the direction of the arrow, the gear 32 androller 29, and the gear 33 with the roller 30, revolve in the directionsand as indicated by the arrows. The gear 32 and roller 29 are supportedby shaft 35, Fig. 16, which is held up by the levers 36 and 37, whilethe gear 33 and roller 30 are supported by the shaft 38, which is heldup by the levers 39 and 40 as shown in Figs. 16 and 17. The levers 36and 39 are held in bearing 41 and levers 37 and 38 are held in bearing42, Fig. 18. Bearings 41 and 42 are concentric with driving gear 34.Levers 36, 37 38 and 39 are free to oscillate around bearings 41 and 42.The springs 43 are fixed to these levers causing the rollers 29 and 30to bear up tight against the roller 24, so as to make the paper adhereclosely around the roller 24.

As shown in Figs. 15 and 16, the rollers 30 and 31 carry gears 44 and45. hen the roller 30 is made to revolve, the gear 44 will revolve alsoand will cause the gear 45 to revolve and with it also the roller 31. It

follows that the roller 31 revolves at the same speed as the roller 30,so that the paper will roll freely over the rollers and have a constanttension.

The roller 31 is supported by the levers 46, pivoted over the ends ofthe roller 30, each of which ends has a supporting arm 460, Fig. 16 andone of which supporting arms is shown in Fig. 17 and which arms bearagainst the bearings 41 and 42, as will be readily understood. Likewisethe guide roller 28 is supported by the levers 47, each of which ispivoted over the ends of the roller 29, each of which ends has also asupporting arm 470, Fig. 16 and one of which is shown in Fig. 17, andwhich arms bear up against the bearings 41 and 42. In this manner theguide roller 28 and the roller 31 are always held by gravity in the sameposition in relation to the rollers 29 and 30.

Should it be desired to put the paper in the device it is passed overthe guide roller 28, pulled down on levers 35 and 36, thus making aclearance between the rollers 29 and 24, so as to slip the paper betweenthem. The paper is then passed over the roller 24 by pulling down on thelevers 39 and 40, against the torsion of the springs 43. The paper isthen passed between the rollers 21- and 30, and the friction between therollers 30 and 31 will draw the paper through and over the roller 31.

The bearings 41 and 42, Fig. 10, are made fast by means of bolts tobrackets 25 and 15, and in said bearings, the shaft 48 revolves. Theshaft 48 carries the gear 31 which meshes with the gears 32 and 33 aSexplained above. The shaft 48 also carries other gears which will beexplained below. The shaft 48 is supported by brackets 25, 15 and 16 asshown in Fig. 5, while passing through the pipe 18. The shaft 48 is heldin position on one side of the brackets 15 by the gear 34, and on theother side of the bracket 16 by the collar 49. The clutch sleeve 50slides freely over the shaft 48, andspring 51 is fixed between collar 49and said clutch sleeve 50, forcing the sleeve into engagement with theclutch member 53, which is fixed solid to one end of the shaft 54, onthe other end of which shaft the gear is fixed. The shaft 54 issupported by the bracket 56.

The lever 52 as shown in Fig. 3, is kept in position by the pin 57.Clutch sleeve 50 and clutch member 53 are meshed together, so when theshaft 54 revolves, the shaft 48 revolves also. By pulling out the lever52 I disconnect the clutch so that the shaft 54 can revolve freely andthe shaft 48 will be stationary. The lever 52 is kept in open positionby the pin 57 transposed into another hole in the support. The gear 55meshes with the gear 58, which is keyed to shaft 60, having on its otherend the worm gear wheel 59. The gears 58 and 59 are supported in thebracket 56, which is made to revolve around the center of the shaft 54,thus permitting me to change the gear 59. The bracket 56 is attached tothe bed plate 62, to which bed plate is fixed, the brackets 25, 15 and16.

The gear or worm wheel 59 meshes with the worm 61, which is convenientlymade in halves and bolted together for assembling. The worm 61 is boltedon to the shaft 3. Consequently, when the shaft 3 revolves the worm 61will revolve and cause the gears 59, 58 and 55 to revolve, and if theclutch is connected the gear 34 and gears 32, 33, 44 and 45 will alsorevolve. But I can disconnect the worm wheel 59 from the worm 61 alongthe shaft by sliding the latter, thus disconnecting the whole devicefrom the main shaft 3. T can also by opening the clutch disconnect theparts; and by bringing the lever X away from the rim of the torque wheelZ, T can again disconnect the meter. The revolution of the device can bechanged by substituting a larger or smaller worm wheel 59, by changingthe gears 34, 32 and 33, making 34 small and 32 and 33 larger, or making34 larger and 32 and 33 smaller.

On the shaft 48 there is a fixed gear 63, which meshes with the gear 64.Attached to the gear 64 there are one or more insulated contacts 65which complete the circuit, (at

every revolution or part of a revolution of this gear), with aninsulated contact 78, attached to the frame 25 of the machine. Thesecontacts Figs. 10, 11 and 12 momentarily close the electric circuit ofthe magnet 67, causing the arm to be drawn suddenly to the magnet. Uponthe interruption of the circuit, due to the contact being broken uponthe rotation of the gear 64, one of the small springs returns the arm 70to its original position. causes a break or notch in the line c, Fig.19, as will be presently explained.

It will be noted that the ratio of the gears 63 and 64 may be changed atwill to suit any desired number of revolutions or a series of gears maybe put in their place so that one revolution of the gear 64 may be madeto indicate on line c for any of the number of revolutions of the mainshaft, such for example as every 25, 50, 75, 100, 200 or morerevolutions as desired.

The circuit for the electro-magnet 68, is brought through two contacts680, Fig. 11, located in the handle of a holder or other similar devicecontaining a stop watch. A momentary pressure on this handle brings thetwo contacts together thus completing the circuit for the electro-magnet68 and at the same time starting the stop watch. A second pressure onthe handle again closes the circuit of the electro-magnet 68 and at thesame time stops the stop watch. Each time the circuit of this magnet isclosed the arm 71 is actuated and makes a mark on the line d, Fig. 19,similar and in like manner to the notch on the line 0 described above.The object of this arrangement is to obtain the total revolutions of theshaft during a given time, such for example as an engine shaft on a shipwhen the total num' ber of revolutions made over a measured course, isdesired. The stop watch and magnet being operated simultaneously at thebeginning and at the end of the measured course.

The electro-magnet 66 is connected in the circuit with a clockcontaining electric contacts 660, or in circuit with a chronometeroperating an electric relay, so arranged that the circuit through themagnet is closed every or whole second. This magnet, in connection withthe lever 69 and the pencil carried by the same, makes a notched mark onthe paper. Each time the circuit is completed, thus indicating secondsor half secends as the case may be.

The three arms 69, 70 and 71, operated by the magnets 66, 67 and 68 alloperate as previously described for arm 7 0.

It will be noted that the three electromagnets 66, 67 and 68, aresupported by a bracket attached to the plate 72, and that the levers 69,70 and 71, are pivoted by bolt 73 in bracket 74. The three. arms orlevers are provided with pencil carriers so arranged that the points ofthe pencils rest on the roller and trace the lines b c and cZ Fig. 19,when the roller 24 is in motion. These pencils trace a straight line onthe paper passing over roller 24 at all times eX- cept when the circuitsof the electro-magnets are momentarily closed when the correspondinglever or arm is attached thereby making a break or notch in the line.The springs 7 5 This operation and adjusting screws 7 6 return'theleversor arms to their normal position immediately on opening or breaking theelectric circuit controlling anyenergized magnet.

In order to makeclear the operation of my invention it is said :Onmaking an engine trial, and especially one on a naval ship, where trialsare made during given periods, I employ a stop watch in the manner aboveindicated, whereupon the device will markon the same paper by means ofthe electric connections, the beginning and the end of this period 'ofthe trial.

The zigzag line markeda in Fig. 19, will be tra'ced'by the pencil holder22, and will indicate the twist of the shaft for every revolution. Theline b will give between its notches definite periods of time such ashalf seconds and one seconds, so that the number of twist linesindicated at a may be counted between these periods. The line indicatedat- 0 will give the number of revolutions for the periodwhich may be,say one hundred or two hundred. It'therefore" follows that ifweco-untthenumber of notches on line b occurring between two notchesonthe line 0, we know at once that a certain number of seconds haveelapsed fora given number of revolutions of the shaft. We thus have a Icorrect'reading of the conditions of the twist of the shaft carrying aships propeller, for example, for a given number of revolutions of saidshaft in a given'time, and during a fixed period, and thus canfacilitate the calculations for figuring the strength of the shaft. Theamount of twist being measured and the tensile strength of theshaft'being known, and the revolutions being thus indicated, the shaft horsepower can be obtained.

Thepaper can be fed at any desired speed to accommodate "any particulartype of en gine, by simply changing the gears which feed the said paper.

It will thus be seen that my invention provides first, a means ofobtaining a continuous reading of the twist of the shaft such as 3, andof marking the amount of "the twist on a strip of paper carried by aroller. Second, owing to the'fa'ctthat the bearing Y and its coactingparts may be slid along the shaft, my invention provides a means ofobtaining the twist of a shaft over the various lengths thereof, andalso a means for multiplying the indications of this twist. Third, my.invention provides a means of obtaining a continuous reading of thetwist of a shaft at various speeds, because the gears may beinterchanged as above mentioned. Fourth, since the circuit can be madeand broken as above described, myinvention also provides a means ofobtaining the above readings at given intervals of time, and also ofobtaining such readings for a given numberof revolutions of a shaft aswell as of obtaining a reading for a requiredperiod of time. It willfurther be seen that important features of my invention are found in thewheel Z pivoted at two points 7, on the sleeve 8, carried by the shaft,the twist of which is to be measured, and permitting said wheel torevolve in a plane inclined to said shaft. A second important feature ofmy invention resides in the rod 4, and its associated parts. A stillfurther feature of my invention resides in the pipe 1, fixed at one endto the sleeve 2 and associated with the bearing Y at the other end, thusenabling the rod 4 to move while the pipe 1 is stationary. Other important features of my invention reside in the means for transposing theangular rotation of the wheel Z to the sleeve 19 and to the pencilholder 22, as well as the means of multiplying this motion. I furtherregard the ready means of disconnecting the parts as an importantfeature of my invention, as well as the means of holding the lever Xagainst the rim 9 of the wheel Z. It is a convenient feature of myinvention to be able to disconnect the parts through the end lever 52and clutch member 50. Other important features of my invention will beappreciated by those skilled in the art.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ofconstruction as well as the arrangement of parts without departing fromthe spirit of my invention, and therefore I do not wish to be limited tothe above disclosure except as may be required by the claims.

What I' claim is 1. In a torsion meter the combination of a tube adaptedto be fixed at one end to the shaft whose torsion is to be measured; abearing surrounding said shaft associated with the other end of saidtube; a wheel fixed on said shaft adapted to rotate in a plane inclinedto the axis of the shaft; a connection between said wheel and bearing;and means associated with said wheel for. indicating the torsion of saidshaft between said wheel andfixed end of said tube, substantially asdescribed.

In a torsion meter the combination of a tube adapted to be fixed at oneend to a rotating shaft and provided with a bearing through which saidshaft passes at its other end; a sleeve secured to said shaft; a wheelpivoted to said sleeve; a connection between said bearing and wheeladapted to cause said wheel to assume a position inclined to the axis ofsaid shaft when the latter is subjected to torsion; a lever coactingwith said 'wheel; and means associated with said lever for indicatingthe torsion of said shaft, substantially as described.

3. In a torsion meter the combination of a tube adapted to be fixed to arotating shaft at one end and provided with a bearing at pipe 18. Theshaft 48 is held in position on one side of the brackets 15 by the gear34:, and on the other side of the bracket 16 by the collar 19. Theclutch sleeve 50 slides freely over the shaft 4-8, and spring 51 isfixed between collar 19 and said clutch sleeve 50, forcing the sleeveinto engagement with the clutch member 53, which is fixed solid to oneend of the shaft 54, on the other end of which shaft the gear is fixed.The shaft 5% is supported by the bracket 56.

The lever 52 as shown in Fig. 3, is kept in position by the pin 57.Clutch sleeve 50 and clutch member 53 are meshed together, so when theshaft 5 1 revolves, the shaft 48 revolves also. By pulling out the lever52 I disconnect the clutch so that the shaft 54 can revolve freely andthe shaft 48 will be stationary. The lever 52 is kept in open positionby the pin 57 transposed into another hole in the support. The gear 55meshes with the gear 58, which is keyed to shaft 60, having on its otherend the Worm gear Wheel 59. The gears 58 and 59 are supported in i thebracket 56, which is made to revolve around the center of the shaft 54,thus permitting me to change the gear 59. The bracket 56 is attached tothe bed plate 62, to which bed plate is fixed, the brackets 25, 15 and16.

The gear or worm Wheel 59 meshes with the worm 61, which is convenientlymade in halves and bolted together for assembling. The worm 61 is boltedon to the shaft 3. Consequently, when the shaft 3 revolves the worm 61will revolve and cause the gears 59, 58 and 55 to revolve, and if theclutch is connected the gear 34 and gears 32, 33, 4A and 4-5 will alsorevolve. But ll can disconnect the worm wheel 59 from the worm 61 alongthe shaft by sliding the latter, thus disconnecting the whole devicefrom the main shaft 3. I can also by opening the clutch disconnect theparts; and by bringing the lever X away from the rim of the torque wheelZ, T can again disconnect the meter. The revolution of the device can bechanged by substituting a larger or smaller worm wheel 59, by changingthe gears 34, 32 and 33,1naking 31 small and 32 and 33 larger, or making34. larger and 32 and 33 smaller.

On the shaft 18 there is a fixed gear 63, which meshes with the gear 6a.Attached to the gear 64: there are one or more insulated contacts 65which complete the circuit, at

every revolution or part of a revolution of this gear), with aninsulated contact 78, attached to the frame 25 of the machine. Thesecontacts Figs. 10, 11 and 12 momentarily close the electric circuit ofthe mag net 67, causing the arm to be drawn suddenly to the magnet. Uponthe interruption of the circuit, due to the contact being broken uponthe rotation of the gear 64, one of the small springs 7 5 returns thearm 70 to its original position. This operation causes a break or notchin the line 6, Fig. 19, as Will be presently explained.

It will be noted that the ratio of the gears 63 and ea may be changed atwill to suit any desired number of revolutions or a series of gears maybe put in their place so that one revolution of the gear 6% may be madeto indicate on line 0 for any of the number of revolutions of the mainshaft, such for example as every 25, 50, 75, 100, 200 or morerevolutions as desired.

The circuit for the electro-magnet 68, is brought through tWo contacts680, Fig. 11, located in the handle of a holder or other similar devicecontaining a stop watch. A momentary pressure on this handle brings thetwo contacts together thus completing the circuit for the electro-magnet68 and at the same time starting the stop Watch. A second pressure onthe handle again closes the circuit of the electro-magnet 68 and at thesame time stops the stop watch. Each time the circuit of this magnet isclosed the arm 71 is actuated and makes a mark on the line d Fig. 19,similar and in like manner to the notch on the line 0 described above.The object of this arrangement is to obtain the total revolutions of theshaft during a given time, such for example as an engine shaft on a shipwhen the total number of revolutions made over a measured course, isdesired. The stop watch and magnet being operated simultaneously at thebeginning and at the end of the measured course.

The electro-magnet 66 is connected in the circuit with a clockcontaining electric contacts 666, or in circuit with a chronometeroperating an electric relay, so arranged that the circuit through themagnet is closed every -1- or whole second. This magnet, in connectionwith the lever 69 and the pencil carried by the same, makes a notchedmark on the paper. Each time the circuit is completed, thus indicatingseconds or half seconds as the case may be.

The three arms 69, 70 and 71, operated by the magnets 66, 67 and 68 alloperate as previously described for arm 7 0.

It will be noted that the three electromagnets 66, 67 and 68, aresupported by a bracket attached to the plate 72, and that the levers 69,70 and 71, are pivoted by bolt 7 3 in bracket 7 1-. The three arms orlevers are provided with pencil carriers so arranged that the points ofthe pencils rest on the roller and trace the lines Z) c and (Z Fig. 19,when the roller 21- is in motion. These pencils trace a straight line onthe paper passing over roller 24; at all times ex cept when the circuitsof the elec ro-magnets are momentarily closed when the correspondinglever or arm is attached thereby making a break or notch in the line.The springs and-adjusting'screws 76 return the levers or arms to theirnormal position immediately on opening or breaking the electric circuitcontrolling any energized magnet.

In order to make clear the operation of my invention it is said :Onmaking an engine trial, and especially one on a naval ship, Where trialsare made during given periods, I employ a stop watch in the manner aboveindicated, whereupon .the device will mark on the same paper by means ofthe electric connections, the beginning and the end .ofthis period ofthe trial.

The Zigzag line marked a in Fig. 19, will be traced by the pencil holder22, and will indicate the twist of the shaft for every revolution.V'Theline b will give between its notches definite periods of time suchas half seconds andone seconds, so thatthe number of twist linesindicated at a may be counted between these periods. The line indicatedat 0 will give the number of revolutions for the period which may be,say one hundred or two hundred. It therefore follows that, if we countthe number of notches on line I) occurring between two notches on theline 0, we know at once that a certain number of seconds have elapsedfor a given number of revolutions of the shaft. e thus have a correctreading of theconditions of the twist of the shaft carrying a shipspropeller, for example, for a given number of revolutions of said shaftin a given time, and during a fixed period, and thus can facilitate thecalculations for figuring the strength of the shaft. The amount of twistbeing measured and the tensile-strength of the shaft being known, andthe revolutions being thus indicated, the shaft horse power canbeobtained. The paper can be fed at'any desired speed to accommodate anyparticular type of engine,jby simply changing the gears which feed thesaid paper. I

It will thus be seen that my invention provides first, a means ofobtaining a continuous reading of the'twist of the shaft such as 3, andof marking the amount of the twist on a strip ofpaper carried by aroller. Second, owing to the fact that the bearing Y and its coactingparts may be slid alongthe shaft, my invention provides a means ofobtaining the twist of a shaft over the various lengths thereof, andalso a means for multiplying the indications of this twist. Third, myinvention providesva means of obtaining a continuous reading of thetwist of a shaft at variousspeeds, because the gears may be interchangedas above mentioned. Fourth, since theicircu'it can be made and broken asabove described, my invention also provides. a means of obtaining theabove readings at given intervals of time, and also of obtaining suchreadings. for a given number of revolutions of a shaft as Well asof'obtaining a reading for a required period of time. It will further beseen that important features of my invention areefound in the wheel Zpivoted at two points 7, on the sleeve 8, carried by the shaft, thetwist of which is to be measured, and permitting said wheel to revolvein a plane inclined to said shaft. A second important feature of myinvention resides in the rod 4, and its associated parts. A stillfurther feature of my invention resides in the pipe 1, fixed at one endto the sleeve 2 and associated with the bearing Y at the other end, thusenabling the rod l to move while the pipe 1 is stationary. Otherimportant features of my invention reside in the means for transposingthe angular rotation of the wheel Z to the sleeve 19 and to the pencilholder 22, as well as the means of multiplying this motion. I furtherregard the ready means of disconnecting the parts as an importantfeature of my invention, as well as the means of holding the lever Xagainst the rim 9 of the wheel Z. It is a convenient feature of myinvention to be able to disconnect the parts through the end lever 52and clutch member 50. Other important features of my invention will beappreciated by those skilled in the art.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ofconstruction as well as the arrangement of parts without departing fromthe spirit of my invention, and therefore I do not wish to be limited tothe above disclosure except as may be required by the claims.

What I claim is 1. In a torsion meter the combination of a tube adaptedto be fixed at one end to the shaft whose torsion is to be measured; abearing surrounding said shaft associated with the other end of saidtube; a wheel fixed on said shaft adapted to rotate in a plane inclinedto the axis of the shaft; a connection between said wheel and bearing;and means associated with said wheel fon indicating the torsion of saidshaft between said wheel and fixed end of said tube, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a torsion meter the combination of a tube adapted to be fixed atone end to a rotating shaft and provided with a bearing through whichsaid shaft passes at its other end; a sleeve secured to said shaft; awheel pivoted to said sleeve; a connection between said bearing andwheel adapted to cause said wheel to assume a position inclined to theaxis of said shaft when the latter is subjected to torsion; a levercoacting with said wheel; and means associated with said lever forindicating the torsion of said shaft,

substantially as described.

8. In a torsion meter the combination of a tube adapted to be fixed to arotating shaft at one end and provided with a hearing at Gopies of thispatent may be obtained for tion with said bearing; a collar adapted tobe secured to said shaft; a wheel pivoted to said collar; and anadjustable connection between said wheel and said rod, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ERNEST Gr. TURNER. Witnesses:

WALTER GUMMEY, M. J. HEKKING.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G,

